% \iffalse
%
% Copyright (C) 1994 -- 2023 by Nederlandstalige TeX Gebruikersgroep.
%
% This file is part of the NTG document classes distribution
% ----------------------------------------------------------
%
% It may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2008 or later.
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% This work has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained".
%
% The Current Maintainer of this work is Johannes Braams.
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% The list of all files belonging to the NTG document classes
% distribution is given in the file `manifest.txt.
%
% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution
% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with
% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution.
%
% \fi
% \CheckSum{153}
%
%\iffalse
%
% We begin by identifying the version of this file on the terminal and
% in the transcript file.
%<*package>
\ifx\ProvidesPackage\undefined
\def\ProvidesPackage#1[#2 #3 #4]{%
\wlog{LaTeX Package `#1' #3 <#2> #4}}
\fi
%</package>
%<*dtx>
\ProvidesFile{a4.dtx}
%</dtx>
%<package>\ProvidesPackage{a4}
[2023/01/10 v1.2g A4 based page layout]
%
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than
% A4.doc or A4.sty.
% This restriction helps ensure that all files developed By NTG WG13
% are identical.
%
% Error reports for UNCHANGED versions please to:
% J.L. Braams
% texniek at texniek.nl
% or: N.A.F.M. Poppelier
% N.Poppelier@elsevier.nl
%
%
%\fi
%
% \GetFileInfo{a4.dtx}
%
% \changes{1.0}{10 Jan 90}{Changed the margins for one-sided printing}
% \changes{1.1}{23 Jan 90}{Added \cs{WideMargins} macros}
% \changes{1.2}{26 Feb 90}{Consolidated setting of
% \cs{marginparwidth}}
% \changes{1.2a}{30 Nov 90}{replaced \cs{typeout} with \cs{wlog}}
% \changes{1.2b}{1994/02/28}{Update for \LaTeXe}
% \changes{1.2b}{1994/02/28}{Removed some ltugboat remnants}
% \changes{1.2c}{1994/03/15}{Provide package a4 instead of A4}
% \changes{1.2c}{1994/03/15}{Added \cs{ProcessOptions}}
% \changes{1.2c}{1994/03/15}{Moved \cs{wlog} to the \LaTeX2.09 case}
% \changes{1.2c}{1994/03/15}{Moved execution of \cs{ProcessOptions} to
% end of file}
% \changes{v1.2d}{1995/08/11}{Moved identification part to the top of
% the file}
% \changes{v1.2g}{2020/02/18}{Updated address info of authors}
%
% \title{A style option to adapt the standard \LaTeX\ document
% styles to A4 paper\thanks{This file
% has version number \fileversion --
% last revision \filedate.}}
%
% \author{Nico Poppelier\\
% \TeX nique \\
% Utrecht\\
% \texttt{Poppelier@elsevier.nl}\\
% \and
% Johannes Braams\\
% \TeX niek\\
% Zoetermeer\\
% \texttt{texniek@texniek.nl}}
%
% \date{Printed \today}
%
% \maketitle
%
% \begin{abstract}
% This article describes a new style option that can be used with the
% document styles that are distributed with the \LaTeX\ distributions.
% It modifies the page layout to conform to the paper format most
% commonly used in Europe, portrait A4.
% \end{abstract}
%
% \section{Introduction}
%
% This file is based on the document style options \file{A4.sty}
% and \file{A4wide.sty}, which can be found in the Rochester style
% archive. The original style option \file{A4.sty} we started from
% was written by John Pavel, and is dated May 1987. This option
% only changes the vertical size of the text somewhat, by
% increasing the number of lines on a page. The style option
% \file{A4wide.sty} was written by Jean-Francois Lamy, and is dated
% July 1986. This option only increases the width of the text.
%
% \section{Goals and design decisions}
%
% As many people before us, we found the page layout as implemented
% in the standard \LaTeX\ document styles too much geared towards
% the American-sized paper, which is somewhat wider than A4 paper,
% but also noticeably less high.
%
% Our goal was to get a page layout that was suitable for A4 paper,
% and produced legible texts. There are a number of layout
% parameters that influence the legibility of a text. A parameter
% of major importance is the number of words (or characters) on a
% line. The maximum number of words per line is ten to twelve for
% optimal legibility, a rule-of-thumb that can be found in
% typographic literature (we used~\cite{treebus}). This results in
% a number of characters per line which lies somewhere between
% sixty and seventy.
%
% Another important parameter is the amount of white space
% surrounding the text. Here we have to distinguish between texts
% that are printed one-sided and texts that are printed two-sided
% (back to back). In the first case the margins on odd and even
% pages should be equal; in the latter case care should be taken
% that the texts on both sides of the paper overlap. Also a printed
% document is likely to be bound some way or another, so there
% should be enough white space in the `inner' margin\footnote{For
% two-sided printing, this is the left margin on odd-numbered pages
% and the right margin on even-numbered ones; for one-sided
% printing, this is always the left margin.} of the text to allow
% this.
%
% There is yet one more thing to take into account when designing a
% page layout. \LaTeX\ offers the possibility of using marginal
% notes and if someone wants to use marginal notes, they should of
% course fit on the paper.
%
% So, we have the following goals:
% \begin{enumerate}
% \item Choose the text width such that there will be sixty to
% seventy characters on a line;
% \item See to it that in documents that are printed two-sided, the
% texts which end up on two sides of one sheet of paper overlap;
% \item Leave enough white space in the `inner' margin to allow for
% the binding of the document;
% \item Leave enough white space in the `outer' margin for marginal
% notes if they are going to be used.
% \end{enumerate}
%
% \section{Update for \LaTeXe}
%
% With the new document classes this package may not be needed much
% longer, because A4 paper is now supported through the standard
% option \Lopt{a4paper}. Yet this package additional functionality,
% not available in the standard document classes. With \LaTeXe, you
% can now use this package with the command:
% \begin{verbatim}
% \usepacke[widemargins]{a4}
% \end{verbatim}
% The option \Lopt{widemargins} executes the |\WideMargins|
% command.
%
% \section{The implementation}
%
% \subsection{The starting point}
%
% Thus we set out to modify some of the design decisions in the
% standard document styles. Because we knew that we were not the
% first to tackle the problem, we started by having a look at what
% was already available. We came up with the two options mentioned
% earlier, which are publicly available. Undoubtedly there will
% exist many more such files, some of them maybe modifications of
% those two files.
%
% We had a look at the layout produced by both options and were not
% satisfied with it. For one thing, both of the original options
% \Lopt{a4} and \Lopt{A4wide} modify only one aspect of the page
% layout. The first thing to do was to put these two files
% together. This resulted in a layout which was still
% unsatisfactory, since for the 10-point and 11-point options lines
% in the text contained on the average eighty characters or more.
%
% \subsection{What else?}
%
% \DescribeMacro\textwidth
% \DescribeMacro\marginparwidth
% Because the result so far gave us lines that contained too many
% characters, we decreased the |\textwidth| to get lines that
% contain about sixty to seventy characters for all three size
% options. Still more work had to be done. As it turned out, using
% our new \file{A4.sty} together with the option |twosided| had a
% drawback: when the document was printed two-sided the texts on
% both side of one piece of paper overlapped only partly, which
% does not look good. We solved this by modifying the width of the
% margins for two-sided printing. At the same time we modified the
% |\marginparwidth| so that if someone uses a marginal note it
% would completely fit on the paper instead of falling off the
% page, which obviously would render the note unreadable.
%
% \DescribeMacro\WideMargins
% The decisions described above allow for marginal notes to be printed
% along with the normal text, but if someone makes heavy use of
% marginal notes, the resultant layout will not be very
% satisfactory, because if the full width of the marginal notes is
% used, they will take up too much space in the `outer' margin. For
% this case we provide the macro |\WideMargins|. This macro
% modifies the page-layout parameters in such a way that the width
% reserved for marginal notes becomes 1.5 inches. To achieve this
% the width of the main body of the text is decreased. This macro
% is meant to be used only in the preamble of the document.
%
%\StopEventually{
% \section{Conclusion}
%
% We have presented a new approach to adapt the page layout of the
% document styles that are part of the standard \LaTeX\
% distributions to the dimensions of A4 paper. The width of
% marginal notes has been taken into account and a means to get
% wider marginal notes at the cost of shorter lines in the main
% body of the text has been provided.
%
% \begin{thebibliography}{9}
% \bibitem{treebus} K.F. Treebus.
% \emph{Tekstwijzer, een gids voor het grafisch verwerken van tekst.}
% SDU Uitgeverij ('s-Gravenhage, 1988). A Dutch book on layout
% design and typography.
% \end{thebibliography}
% }
%
%
% \subsection{The \textsc{docstrip} modules}
%
% The following modules are used in the implementation to direct
% \textsc{docstrip} in generating the external files:
% \begin{center}
% \begin{tabular}{ll}
% driver & produce a documentation driver file \\
% package & produce a package file \\
% \end{tabular}
% \end{center}
%
% \subsection{Producing the documentation}
%
% A short driver is provided that can be extracted if necessary by
% the \textsc{docstrip} program provided with \LaTeXe.
% \begin{macrocode}
%<*driver>
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
\DisableCrossrefs
\CodelineIndex
\MakeShortVerb{\|}
\newcommand\Lopt[1]{\textsf{#1}}
\newcommand\file[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\begin{document}
\DocInput{a4.dtx}
\end{document}
%</driver>
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{The code}
%
% Declare the option \Lopt{widemargins}.
% \begin{macrocode}
%<*package>
\ifx\documentclass\undefined
\else
\DeclareOption{widemargins}{\WideMargins}
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \begin{macro}{\topmargin}
% First, we redefine the |\textheight| and |\topmargin|. The
% |\topmargin| is the distance from the reference point on the page
% to the top of the page of text. In most cases extra white space
% is not necessary since one inch of white space at the top of the
% page suffices.
% \begin{macrocode}
\topmargin 0pt
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\textheight}
% The dimension parameter |\textheight| gives the total height of
% the text, including footnotes and figures, excluding the running
% head and foot. This height is given as an integral number times
% the |\baselineskip|, which results in an integral number of lines
% on a page.
%
% We have to include definitions of all relevant dimension
% parameters for each of the cases 10-point, 11-point and
% 12-point. We do this with a case statement:
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\ifcase \@ptsize
\textheight 53\baselineskip
% \end{macrocode}
% which modifies the height of the text for texts to be produced
% with the ten-point typeface:
% \begin{macrocode}
\or
\textheight 46\baselineskip
% \end{macrocode}
% the same for eleven point:
% \begin{macrocode}
\or
\textheight 42\baselineskip
% \end{macrocode}
% and for twelve point. Finally we close the |\ifcase| statement:
% \begin{macrocode}
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
%
% The only thing left to be done is to add the |\topskip| to the
% |\textheight|. The value of |\topskip| appears always to be 10pt.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\advance\textheight by \topskip
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\textwidth}
% \begin{macro}{\oddsidemargin}
% \begin{macro}{\evensidemargin}
% That was the `vertical part' of the work. Now we have some work
% to do to get things right horizontally. Again we have to
% distinguish between the various character sizes because sixty
% eleven-point characters take up more space than sixty ten-point
% characters. But there's more to take into account. If documents
% are printed two-sided, the texts on both sides of the paper
% should overlap completely. This can be done be assigning
% appropriate values to |\oddsidemargin| and |\evensidemargin|, the
% parameters that define the left margins on odd and even pages
% respectively.
%
% First we start a case statement to distinguish between the
% various typeface sizes.
% \begin{macrocode}
\ifcase \@ptsize
% \end{macrocode}
% Then we specify the width of the text.
% \begin{macrocode}
\textwidth 5.00in
% \end{macrocode}
% Also specify the width of marginal notes. They must have a
% reasonable width to be of any use, and this should be the same
% for either one-sided or two-sided printing.
% \begin{macrocode}
\marginparwidth 1.00in
% \end{macrocode}
% Here we need an if statement to test whether the option
% |twosided| has been specified.
% \begin{macrocode}
\if@twoside
% \end{macrocode}
% If it was, assign appropriate values to the margin parameters
% \begin{macrocode}
\oddsidemargin 0.55in
\evensidemargin 0.75in
\else
% \end{macrocode}
% If the option |twosided| was not used, both margin parameters
% must have the same value, for texts on consecutive pages have to
% be put in the same place on the paper.
% \begin{macrocode}
\oddsidemargin 0.55in
\evensidemargin 0.55in
% \end{macrocode}
% Now we close the if statement.
% \begin{macrocode}
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
% We are ready with the modifications for the ten-point typeface
% size, so now we do something similar for the eleven-point
% typeface.
% \begin{macrocode}
\or
\textwidth 5.20in
\marginparwidth 1.00in
\if@twoside
\oddsidemargin 0.45in
\evensidemargin 0.65in
\else
\oddsidemargin 0.45in
\evensidemargin 0.45in
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
% One more time, now for the twelve-point typeface.
% \begin{macrocode}
\or
\textwidth 5.70in
\marginparwidth 0.80in
\if@twoside
\oddsidemargin 0.20in
\evensidemargin 0.40in
\else
\oddsidemargin 0.20in
\evensidemargin 0.20in
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
% Finally we close the case statement.
% \begin{macrocode}
\fi
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\WideMargins}
% This macro is somewhat tricky: it has to find out
% which typeface size is used, whether the document should be printed
% two-sided, and whether the |\reversemarginpar| is in effect.
% |\reversemarginpar| makes the marginal notes appear in the
% margin on the opposite side of the normal placement.
% \begin{macrocode}
\def\WideMargins{%
% \end{macrocode}
% \noindent
% Because for each typeface size the changes to the parameters that
% need to be made are similar, the macro |\WideMargins|
% uses an internal macro |\@widemargins|.
%
% \begin{macro}{\ExtraWidth}
% In order to store the amount of extra width needed for the marginal
% notes an extra dimension parameter is defined.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\newdimen\ExtraWidth
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \noindent
% First find out about the point size, then call |\@widemargins| to
% modify the margin widths by the amount given in |\ExtraWidth|.
% \begin{macrocode}
\ifcase \@ptsize
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% For both 10-point and 11-point texts the width for marginal notes is
% already 1 inch, so we increase it by half an inch. We subtract half an
% inch from the text width and modify the margins appropriately.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\ExtraWidth = 0.5in
\@widemargins
\or
\ExtraWidth = 0.5in
\@widemargins
\or
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% For 12-point texts the marginal notes are only 0.8 inch wide, so
% now we have to add 0.7 inch to get them 1.5 inch wide.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\ExtraWidth = 0.7in
\@widemargins
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% This macro should only be called once, during the preamble of a
% document, so we |\let| it be equal to |\relax| as soon
% as the work is done.
% \begin{macrocode}
\fi\let\WideMargins\relax\let\@widemargins\relax}
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@preamblecmds}
% We add |\WideMargins| to |\@preamblecmds|, which is a
% list of commands to be used only in the preamble of a document.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
{\def\do{\noexpand\do\noexpand}
\xdef\@preamblecmds{\@preamblecmds \do\WideMargins}
}
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@widemargins}
% This macro modifies the margin parameters. To do this it uses
% the dimension variable |\ExtraWidth|, which was defined by
% |\WideMargins|.
%
% \noindent
% First the |\ExtraWidth| is subtracted from the |\textwidth|
% and added to the |\marginparwidth|.
% \begin{macrocode}
\def\@widemargins{%
\global\advance\textwidth by -\ExtraWidth
\global\advance\marginparwidth by \ExtraWidth
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% Then we modify the margins, but the value of the switch
% |\if@twoside| has to be taken into account. Because
% we have to test another switch (|\if@reversemargin|)
% we add another level of macros to modify the margin parameters%
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\if@twoside
\tw@sidedwidemargins
\else
\@nesidedwidemargins
\fi}
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\tw@sidedwidemargins}
% Normally the marginal notes are printed in the `outer' margins, so
% we have to increase the |\evensidemargin| to keep the text
% balanced on both sides of the paper, but if |\reversemarginpar|
% is in effect we have to increase the |\oddsidemargin| and
% decrease the |\evensidemargin| accordingly.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\def\tw@sidedwidemargins{%
\if@reversemargin
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% Notice that for documents printed two-sided, the
% |\evensidemargin| is wider than the |\oddsidemargin|;
% this difference in width is transferred to the other margin.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\@tempdima=\evensidemargin
\advance\@tempdima by -\oddsidemargin
\advance\oddsidemargin by \ExtraWidth
\advance\oddsidemargin by \@tempdima
\advance\evensidemargin by -\@tempdima
\else
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \noindent
% If the marginal notes go on the normal side of the paper, only the
% |\evensidemargin| has to be increased.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\advance\evensidemargin by \ExtraWidth
\fi}
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@nesidedwidemargins}
% For documents that are printed one-sided, both margins have the same
% width. The default placement for the marginal notes is in the right
% margin, so if |\reversemarginpar| is \emph{not} in effect the
% margin parameters need not be modified. If it is in effect, both the
% |\oddsidemargin| and the |\evensidemargin| need to be
% increased.
%
% \begin{macrocode}
\def\@nesidedwidemargins{%
\if@reversemargin
\advance\oddsidemargin by \ExtraWidth
\advance\evensidemargin by \ExtraWidth
\fi}
% \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% The command |\ProcessOptions| can only be executed \emph{after}
% |\WideMargins| has been defined. Defering the execution of
% |\WideMargins| with |\AtBeginDocument| doesn't work, the changing
% of |\textwidth| then comes too late because of the time when the
% |\@begindocumenthook| gets executed by |\begin{document|.
% \begin{macrocode}
\ifx\documentclass\undefined
\else
\ProcessOptions
\fi
%</package>
% \end{macrocode}
%
% \Finale
%
\endinput