SQL92 defined three feature sets for compliance: basic, intermediate, and advanced. Most database products claiming SQL standards compliance were compliant at only the basic level, since the entire set of intermediate and advanced features was either too voluminous or in conflict with legacy behaviors.
SQL99 defines a large set of individual features rather than the ineffectively broad three levels found in SQL92. We provide a list of supported features, followed by a list of the features defined in SQL99 which are not yet supported in PostgreSQL.
Identifier | Description | Comment |
---|---|---|
E011 | Numeric data types | |
E011-01 | INTEGER and SMALLINT data types | |
E011-02 | REAL, DOUBLE PRECISON, and FLOAT data types | |
E011-03 | DECIMAL and NUMERIC data types | |
E011-04 | Arithmetic operators | |
E011-05 | Numeric comparison | |
E011-06 | Implicit casting among the numeric data types | |
E021 | Character data types | |
E021-01 | CHARACTER data type | |
E021-02 | CHARACTER VARYING data type | |
E021-03 | Character literals | |
E021-04 | CHARACTER_LENGTH function | |
E021-05 | OCTET_LENGTH function | |
E021-06 | SUBSTRING function | |
E021-07 | Character concatenation | |
E021-08 | UPPER and LOWER functions | |
E021-09 | TRIM function | |
E021-10 | Implicit casting among the character data types | |
E021-11 | POSITION function | |
E011-12 | Character comparison | |
E031 | Identifiers | |
E031-01 | Delimited identifiers | |
E031-02 | Lower case identifiers | |
E031-03 | Trailing underscore | |
E051 | Basic query specification | |
E051-01 | SELECT DISTINCT | |
E051-02 | GROUP BY clause | |
E051-04 | GROUP BY can contain columns not in <select list> | |
E051-05 | Select list items can be renamed | |
E051-06 | HAVING clause | |
E051-07 | Qualified * in select list | |
E051-08 | Correlation names in the FROM clause | |
E051-09 | Rename columns in the FROM clause | |
E061 | Basic predicates and search conditions | |
E061-01 | Comparison predicate | |
E061-02 | BETWEEN predicate | |
E061-03 | IN predicate with list of values | |
E061-04 | LIKE predicate | |
E061-05 | LIKE predicate ESCAPE clause | |
E061-06 | NULL predicate | |
E061-07 | Quantified comparison predicate | |
E061-08 | EXISTS predicate | |
E061-09 | Subqueries in comparison predicate | |
E061-11 | Subqueries in IN predicate | |
E061-12 | Subqueries in quantified comparison predicate | |
E061-13 | Correlated subqueries | |
E061-14 | Search condition | |
E071 | Basic query expressions | |
E071-01 | UNION DISTINCT table operator | |
E071-02 | UNION ALL table operator | |
E071-03 | EXCEPT DISTINCT table operator | |
E071-05 | Columns combined via table operators need not have exactly the same data type | |
E071-06 | Table operators in subqueries | |
E081 | Basic Privileges | |
E081-01 | SELECT privilege | |
E081-02 | DELETE privilege | |
E081-03 | INSERT privilege at the table level | |
E081-04 | UPDATE privilege at the table level | |
E081-06 | REFERENCES privilege at the table level | |
E081-08 | WITH GRANT OPTION | |
E091 | Set functions | |
E091-01 | AVG | |
E091-02 | COUNT | |
E091-03 | MAX | |
E091-04 | MIN | |
E091-05 | SUM | |
E091-06 | ALL quantifier | |
E091-07 | DISTINCT quantifier | |
E101 | Basic data manipulation | |
E101-01 | INSERT statement | |
E101-03 | Searched UPDATE statement | |
E101-04 | Searched DELETE statement | |
E111 | Single row SELECT statement | |
E121 | Basic cursor support | |
E121-01 | DECLARE CURSOR | |
E121-02 | ORDER BY columns need not be in select list | |
E121-03 | Value expressions in ORDER BY clause | |
E121-04 | OPEN statement | (cursor) |
E121-06 | Positioned UPDATE statement | (cursor) |
E121-07 | Positioned DELETE statement | (cursor) |
E121-08 | CLOSE statement | (cursor) |
E121-10 | FETCH statement implicit NEXT | |
E131 | Null value support (nulls in lieu of values) | |
E141 | Basic integrity constraints | |
E141-01 | NOT NULL constraints | |
E141-02 | UNIQUE constraints of NOT NULL columns | |
E141-03 | PRIMARY KEY constraints | |
E141-04 | Basic FOREIGN KEY constraint with the NO ACTION default for both referential delete action and referential update action | |
E141-06 | CHECK constraints | |
E141-07 | Column defaults | |
E141-08 | NOT NULL inferred on PRIMARY KEY | |
E141-10 | Names in a foreign key can be specified in any order | |
E151 | Transaction support | |
E151-01 | COMMIT statement | |
E151-02 | ROLLBACK statement | |
E152 | Basic SET TRANSACTION statement | |
E152-01 | SET TRANSACTION statement: ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE clause | |
E153 | Updatable queries with subqueries | |
E161 | SQL comments using leading double minus | |
F031 | Basic schema manipulation | |
F031-01 | CREATE TABLE statement to create persistent base tables | |
F031-02 | CREATE VIEW statement | |
F031-03 | GRANT statement | |
F031-04 | ALTER TABLE statement COLUMN clause | |
F031-13 | DROP TABLE statement clause | |
F031-16 | DROP VIEW statement RESTRICT clause | |
F031-19 | REVOKE statement RESTRICT clause | |
F041 | Basic joined table | |
F041-01 | Inner join (but not necessarily the INNER keyword) | |
F041-02 | INNER keyword | |
F041-03 | LEFT OUTER JOIN | |
F041-04 | RIGHT OUTER JOIN | |
F041-05 | Outer joins can be nested | |
F041-07 | The inner table in a left or right outer join can also be used in an inner join | |
F041-08 | All comparison operators are supported (rather than just =) | |
F051 | Basic date and time | |
F051-01 | DATE data type (including support of DATE literal) | |
F051-02 | TIME data type (including support of TIME literal) with fractional seconds precision of at least 0 | |
F051-03 | TIMESTAMP data type (including support of TIMESTAMP literal) with fractional seconds precision of at least 0 and 6 | |
F051-04 | Comparison predicate on DATE TIMESTAMP data types | |
F051-05 | Explicit CAST between datetime types and character types | |
F051-06 | CURRENT_DATE | |
F051-07 | LOCALTIME | |
F051-08 | LOCALTIMESTAMP | |
F081 | UNION and EXCEPT in views | |
F131 | Grouped operations | |
F131-01 | WHERE, GROUP BY and HAVING clauses supported in queries with grouped views | |
F131-02 | Multiple tables supported in queries with grouped views | |
F131-03 | Set functions supported in queries with grouped views | |
F131-04 | Subqueries with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses and grouped views | |
F131-05 | Single row SELECT with GROUP BY and HAVING clauses and grouped views | |
F181 | Multiple module support | Allow separate compilation modules in ecpg |
F201 | CAST function | |
F221 | Explicit defaults | |
F261 | CASE expression | |
F261-01 | Simple CASE | |
F261-02 | Searched CASE | |
F261-03 | NULLIF | |
F261-04 | COALESCE | |
F311 | Schema definition statement | |
F311-01 | CREATE SCHEMA | |
F311-02 | CREATE TABLE for persistent base tables | |
F311-03 | CREATE VIEW | |
F311-04 | CREATE VIEW: WITH CHECK OPTION | |
F311-05 | GRANT statement | |
F471 | Scalar subquery values | |
F481 | Expanded NULL predicate | |
S011 | Distinct data types | |
T321 | Basic SQL-invoked routines | |
T321-01 | User-defined functions with no overloading | |
T321-03 | Function invocation | |
T321-05 | RETURN statement | |
F032 | CASCADE drop behavior | |
F034 | Extended REVOKE statement | |
F034-01 | REVOKE statement performed by other than the owner of a schema object | |
F034-02 | REVOKE statement: GRANT OPTION FOR clause | |
F034-03 | REVOKE statement to revoke a privilege that the grantee has WITH GRANT OPTION | |
F052 | Intervals and datetime arithmetic | |
F111 | Isolation levels other than SERIALIZABLE | |
F111-02 | READ COMMITTED isolation level | |
F171 | Multiple schemas per user | |
F191 | Referential delete actions | |
F222 | INSERT statement: DEFAULT VALUES clause | |
F271 | Compound character literals | |
F281 | LIKE enhancements | |
F302 | INTERSECT table operator | |
F302-01 | INTERSECT DISTINCT table operator | |
F302-02 | INTERSECT ALL table operator | |
F304 | EXCEPT ALL table operator | |
F321 | User authorization | |
F341 | Usage tables | |
F361 | Subprogram support | |
F381-01 | ALTER TABLE statement: ALTER COLUMN clause | |
F381-02 | ALTER TABLE statement: ADD CONSTRAINT clause | |
F381-03 | ALTER TABLE statement: DROP CONSTRAINT clause | |
F391 | Long identifiers | |
F401 | Extended joined table | |
F401-01 | NATURAL JOIN | |
F401-02 | FULL OUTER JOIN | |
F401-03 | UNION JOIN | |
F401-04 | CROSS JOIN | |
F411 | Time zone specification | |
F431 | Read-only scrollable cursors | |
F431-01 | FETCH with explicit NEXT | |
F431-02 | FETCH FIRST | |
F431-03 | FETCH LAST | |
F431-04 | FETCH PRIOR | |
F431-05 | FETCH ABSOLUTE | |
F431-06 | FETCH RELATIVE | |
F461 | Named character sets | |
F491 | Constraint management | |
F511 | BIT data type | |
F531 | Temporary tables | |
F555 | Enhanced seconds precision | |
F561 | Full value expressions | |
F571 | Truth value tests | |
F591 | Derived tables | |
F611 | Indicator data types | |
F641 | Row and table constructors | |
F651 | Catalog name qualifiers | |
F661 | Simple tables | |
F701 | Referential update actions | |
F741 | Referential MATCH types | |
F761 | Session management | |
F771 | Connection management | |
F791 | Insensitive cursors | |
F831 | Full cursor update | |
F831-01 | Updatable scrollable cursors | |
F831-02 | Updatable ordered cursors | |
S051 | Create table of type | |
S071 | SQL paths in function and type name resolution | |
S091 | Basic array support | |
S091-01 | Arrays of built-in data types | |
S092 | Arrays of user-defined types | |
S151 | Type predicate | IS OF |
S201 | SQL routines on arrays | |
S201-01 | Array parameters | |
S201-02 | Array as result type of functions | |
S211 | User-defined cast functions | CREATE CAST(type AS type) |
T031 | BOOLEAN data type | |
T141 | SIMILAR predicate | |
T151 | DISTINCT predicate | |
T191 | Referential action RESTRICT | |
T201 | Comparable data types for referential constraints | |
T211 | Basic trigger capability | |
T211-01 | Triggers activated on UPDATE, INSERT, or DELETE of one base table | |
T211-02 | BEFORE triggers | |
T211-03 | AFTER triggers | |
T211-04 | FOR EACH ROW triggers | |
T211-08 | Multiple triggers for the same the event are executed in the order in which they were created | |
T212 | Enhanced trigger capability | |
T231 | SENSITIVE cursors | |
T241 | START TRANSACTION statement | |
T251 | SET TRANSACTION statement: LOCAL option | |
T312 | OVERLAY function | |
T322 | Overloading of SQL-invoked functions and procedures | |
T323 | Explicit security for external routines | |
T351 | Bracketed SQL comments (/*...*/ comments) | |
T401 | INSERT into a cursor | |
T441 | ABS and MOD functions | |
T461 | Symmetric BETWEEN predicate | |
T501 | Enhanced EXISTS predicate | |
T551 | Optional key words for default syntax | |
T571 | Array-returning external SQL-invoked functions | |
T581 | Regular expression substring function | |
T591 | UNIQUE constraints of possibly null columns |